The stretches where the activities will be carried out are :

State	Stretch
Karnataka	NH-48 from Nelamangala to Hiriyur Bypass Section (Total Length – 131 Kms.) Chainage Km. 29.50 to Km. 161.20
Kerala	NH-66 from Aroor to Kadampattukonam Section (Total Length – 151 Kms.) Chainage Km. 0+0000 to Km. 151+000
Madhya Pradesh	NH-39 from Sidhi to Singrauli Section (Total Length – 105 Kms.) Chainage Km. 82.40 to Km. 187.993
Maharashtra	NH-53 from Nagpur to Amravati (Total Length 154 Kms.) Chainage Km. 09+200 to Km. 166+600
Rajasthan	NH-48 from Paniyala Mod to Dudu (Total Length – 180 Kms.) Chainage Km. 150+000 to Km. 330+000
Tamil Nadu	NH-44 from Krishnagiri to Karur (Total Length – 198.6 Kms.) Chainage Km. 94.00 to Km. 292.600
Uttar Pradesh	NH-530 from Moradabad to Bareilly (Total Length – 121 Kms.) Chainage Km. 149.250 to Km. 271.050

The table below briefly explains the 5Es and the activities under each E.

Engineering of Roads	Engineering of Vehicles & Policy Intervention	Education	Enforcement	Emergency Care
1.Road Safety Audit by IRF-IC team of Road Safety Experts	1.Policy Interventions (FUPD, SUPD, RUPD, Retro-reflective tapes etc.)	1.Mapping of Educational Institutions falling within the 2Km buffer on either side of the road stretch.	1.Mapping of Police Posts/ Stations falling within 2 Kms buffer on either side of the road stretch.	1.Mapping of medical facilities falling within 5 Kms buffer on either side of the road stretch.
2.Design correction & BOQ	2.Advocacy for Mandatory Safety features in 2 wheelers/4 wheelers	2.Enumeration of the mapped data to prepare a list of schools.	2.Enumeration of the mapped data.	2.Enumeration of Medical Facilities on the road stretch to find gaps in existing capacities with the help of AIIMS Trauma Care Medical team. Objective is to develop 10-15 L1/L2 trauma care centres in due course.
3.Submission to Authorities for inviting Bids	3.Provision of other safety features such as Alcolock to reduce drunken driving	3.Training on road safety education in schools/ education institutions	3.A 3-day Training of Police Personnel on traffic management in association with IRTE at their Campus in Faridabad.	3.Identify able bodied bystanders/commercial drivers and train them on first aid first aid trauma care
4.Follow up to get the correction done		4.Mass awareness to road safety issues through road safety anthem and road safety films in all Indian languages to influence the communities adjoining the road	4.The Training includes half day training on road Accident data collection using RADaR Software developed by IRF	4.Knowledge on Good Samaritan Law
			5.Knowledge on Good Samaritan Law

IRF-IC Road Safety Interventions based on 5Es

1. Webinar Series

The 12 Webinar series on the theme of ‘’Road Safety Challenges in India and Preparationof an Action Plan’’ was launched on 9^th February 2021 by the Hon. Minister of Road Transport and Highways Mr. Nitin Gadkari.  The Webinar Series strives to cover the various facets of 5Es and has concluded 11 Webinars till date with the 12^th and the Concluding Session on ‘’Sustainable Development in Road Safety’’ on 15^th December 2021.

The recommendations of the Webinars on each of the 5Es have been compiled and shared with the concerned Ministry in the Government of India, such as the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Ministry of Heavy Industry, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.   The National Road Safety Action plan is planned to be launched in the Road Safety Month 2022.

• Validation Programme on 5Es

While inaugurating the Webinar Series, the Hon’ble Minister Gadkari ji had expressed confidence that such efforts, coupled with the Government’s support will help India achieve the target of 50% reduction in road-related fatalities by 2025, 5 years ahead of the global target.

This ambitious vision requires an effort which would showcase visible results and produce effective evidences for all to appreciate, adopt and emulate.  Since the efficacy of 5E was never realized fully due to various factors, IRF-IC had planned to undertake a validation exercise on the 7 worst affected road stretches of about 100 Kms from 7 worst affected States where maximum accidents and fatalities have taken place. Accordingly, based on three consecutive year performances , the states of Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh were chosen. The Hon’ble Minister Gadkari ji had written to the Chief Ministers of these 7 States to facilitate and extend all possible support to IRF to make this initiative successful.  A copy of the communication is enclosed for proper appreciation.

The Road Safety Programme in the identified 7 Stretches encompass the following :

1. E1 :Engineering of Roads : Carry out a Road Safety Audit on the worst road section to identify as to what all mitigation measures are required to be undertaken on these road stretches, so as to make the road, as forgiving as possible. The details of the works are :
2. Safety Assessment of Demonstration Project Corridor (Stage V Safety Audit)

To be done by an experienced team of auditors for identification of the Engineering shortfalls identifying high-risk locations, if any, for the road stretch.  Established methodology, procedure and checklist prescribed in IRC: SP:88:2019 are used.  The RSA shall bring forth essential safety aspects and measures relating to :

1. Junctions – altering geometry, introduction of islands to make the junction self-enforcing, improving visibility, providing user friendly and clearly marked space for pedestrian movements.
2. Road Signs – improvements to enhance readability during night time and adverse weather conditions, speed limit signs, warning signs, properly designed informatory signs, use of retro reflective devices to enhance conspicuity, etc.
3. Pavement markings and Road studs : Improvements to make traffic lanes very clearly legible, etc.
4. Roadside features for a forgiving road : provision of crash barriers to contain an errant vehicle…

1. Identification and Investigation of Blackspots and Hazardous Locations
2. Detailed Design of the Countermeasures of Blackspots and Hazardous Locations and Preparation of Bid Document for Civil Works Contract
3. Assistance for the Implementation of Safety Engineering Measures

Road Safety Audit by IRF-IC Team on the Moradabad-Bareilly Section of the NH, Uttar Pradesh

• E2 :Engineering of Vehicles : The Engineering of Vehicles, the second aspect of 5Es is critical in the mission of Road Safety.  Modifications to vehicles, absence of mandatory safety features, absence of supporting policies, etc., suggests that a lot of efforts are required in this area.  Under the 5E’s interventions, we will undertake the following activities :
• Retrofitting on commercial vehicles (mainly trucks) with Underrun Protection Device (FUPD), Side Underrun Protection Device (SUPD) and Rear Underrun Protection Device (RUPD) to avoid fatal and serious injury accident when the smaller vehicles go under the bigger ones in collision.
• Affixing Conspicuity Tapes or retro-reflective tapes/reflectors conforming to AIS 090 standards to be affixed on bicycles as per ISO 10613, and also on all commercial vehicles plying, especially on high speed roads, during the dark hours, especially during the night.  Similarly, AIS 093 for truck bodies and trailers and AI 052 for the bus bodies for compliance to safety requirements.
• Efforts to upgrade two wheeler riders, which account for a sizeable accidents and fatalities, to entry level four wheelers to address these vulnerable road users.
• There are a number of mandatory safety features of the vehicles, which are found to be deficient or even missing in many of the existing fleet.  Advocacy efforts will be undertaken with regard to the following to ensure their adherence :

• Fitment of side and rear view mirrors; functioning of head and tail lights; lights on the number plates
• Prescribed side mirrors for different categories of vehicles
• Retrofitment of safety belts on all passenger cars
• Retrofitment of Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) on existing motorized two wheelers.  They are mandated for new vehicles
• Alcolock in all four wheelers by making legal provision to reduce drunken driving

• E3 :Education : The road safety education and campaign of the population of all age groups along the selected road corridor is one of the important actions required, especially when the corridor is being upgraded to a higher category of road or when it is a high speed, high capacity roads.  Several important activities related to Road Safety Education and Campaign are as under :
• Identification, Enumeration and Mapping of all Schools/Colleges/Institutions and towns/villages along the road stretch within a 2 Km buffer zone on either side of the road stretch
• Preparation of an Education & Campaign Implementation Plan
• Building Road Safety Education and Campaign Content
• Delivery of the Programme with an experienced/local partner
• Involvement of Members of Road Safety Club
• Evaluation of the Campaign
• Report

We have prepared a Road Safety Anthem in all the 26 Indian languages to be sung in the school prayers, played on local radio networks, etc.  We have also produced short Road Safety films to be telecast in Cinemas before any commercial film is screened.  All these efforts will be undertaken to sensitise the masses about Road Safety – an effort similar to anti-tobacco campaign.

Road Safety Education in Schools in Sidhi-SIngrauli Stretch NH, Madhya Pradesh

• E4 :Enforcement : Enforcement is an important element of road safety to control the behaviours of the road users in compliance to road safety rules. The effort of IRF-IC is two pronged.  On the one hand while there will be training of the Enforcement Personnel on Traffic Management and collection of accident data, on the other IRF-IC will work with the State Government to have in place a rigorous enforcement system operational 24x7x365 to capture violations such as :
• Over speeding (speed camera or speed sensors)
• Unsafe overtaking
• Overloading (of passenger and goods vehicles)
• Contraflow movements
• Red light jumping in traffic signals
• Pedestrian walking on road (even when footpath exists)
• Disabled vehicle (any unduly stopped/stationary vehicle)
• Animals on the road
• Illegal/wrong parking in unsafe way
• Dynamic speed reporting (feed-back sign)
• Seat-belt & helmet wearing
• Use of mobile phone while driving/riding, etc.

Thus, IRF-IC has undertaken a series of activities with regard to E4: Enforcement which are as under :

• Identification, Enumeration and Mapping of all police stations along the corridor within a 2km buffer zone on either side of the corridor, which are responsible for enforcement on the project corridor
• Training of the Enforcement Personnel on Traffic Management, in association with the Institute of Road Traffic Education (IRTE).  The training would also include Good Samaritan Law in order to create sensitive and responsible behaviour during handling situations pertaining to accidents
• Training of the Enforcement Personnel on Accident Data Collection using an IRF-IC developed software called RADaR
• Identification of type and nature of existing violations along the entire length of the corridor
• Planning and design of technology based   system for 24×7 engagement to capture 100% of all violations
• Structuring the project and its implementation plan for a PPP based implementation; and
• Scientific Evaluation of the enforcement system with its impact on road safety. The evaluated efficacy may draw the attention of the State Government for such sustainable model of planning, design and implementation of enforcement system under PPP.
• E5 :Emergency Care : The Emergency care system available along a selected road is one of the critical requirements to minimise fatalities and disabilities due to road accidents/crashes. There are several important activities related to emergency care system such as :
• Assessment of Existing Emergency Care System along the Project Corridor

To be done by an experienced team of Emergency care professionals for identification of the existing system with shortfalls, in infrastructural and services facilities like hospital/trauma care centres and ambulance services system, the competence of human resources, etc.

• Identification and Enumeration of all Medical/Health Facilities

All medical/health care facilities located within a 5km belt on either side of the project road shall be enumerated individually by visiting each of them and gathering all the data as indicated in (i) above that are required for enumeration.

The enumeration will help us shortlist the medical facilities to say 10 to 15 on the project stretch which will be studied in depth with an objective to develop them as L1 / L2 Trauma Care Centres.  The recommendations will be shared with the State Government for necessary planning and implementation.

• Training of Bystanders

Training of bystanders (able-bodied adult citizens from the communities living along the project road) by a team of specially trained experts of First Aid Training. Groups of community members. Training to the bystanders shall be imparted twice. The training would include safe handling of the accident victims both in giving first-aid and stabilisation as well as handling for transportation to the nearest health facility.

• Training of Ambulance Staff including Paramedics

There will be training of the ambulance staff including the paramedics by special medical teams for the various ambulance service systems that will be available along the project road alignment. We shall mobilise the groups of ambulance staff including the paramedics for such training (through an appropriate directive of the State Government), and will oversee the training programmes through an agreed schedule. Two cycles of training shall be imparted to the ambulance staff and the paramedics.

As response time of the ambulance services is a serious concern, the DRDO developed motorcycle ambulance with appropriate patient transport and other first-aid facilities is a good concept which IRF will be promoting for use in the trauma care ecosystem.

• Assistance for the Implementation & Evaluation of Upgraded System

It is expected that the recommended up-gradation of the emergency response system shall be implemented by the State Government. In this process, we shall assist the state government agencies and also carry out the evaluation of the upgraded system by “before and after” study.

All the above-planned initiatives will be/are being implemented in associated with Accredited Agency.